BEHAVIORIST AND HUMANIST APPROACH: PSYCHOPEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS

Abstract

The educational phenomenon is multidimensional, involving human, technical, cognitive, emotional, sociopolitical, and cultural aspects, requiring diverse approaches, such as anthropological and psychological, to avoid reductionism. Theories of knowledge, such as empiricism (primacy of the object), nativism (primacy of the subject), and interactionism (subject-object), influence distinct pedagogical practices. Behaviorism, centered on the object, emphasizes environmental control of behavior, while humanism, focused on the subject, values autonomy and meaningful learning. Interactionism emphasizes the continuous construction of knowledge through subject-environment interaction. Education, from these perspectives, varies between cultural transmission (behaviorism) and the facilitation of self-learning (humanism).