BISPHOSPHONATES AND OSTEONECROSIS OF THE JAW: THE IMPACT OF ANTINEOPLASTIC THERAPIES ON THE BONE STRUCTURES OF THE ORAL CAVITY

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this narrative literature review article is to address the use of bisphosphonates in antineoplastic therapies and how these bisphosphonates may be related to the triggering of osteonecrosis of the jaw. Methodology: During the construction and development of this narrative literature review article, the work of Rother (2007) was used, a study that addresses the differences between a narrative and systematic literature review, highlighting how the approach and structuring of each respective type of article should be carried out, assisting the development of the article. Searches were carried out in online databases that could contribute with relevant data and information related to the topic addressed in the article. Searches were carried out in the following databases: Web of Science, BVS/BIREME, PUBMED Central, PROSPERO, Scielo, The Cochrane Library in conjunction with Google Academy. Results: Bisphosphonates are drugs that suppress bone resorption by osteoclasts, interrupting bone remodeling, resulting in higher density bone tissue, and also acting as an inhibitor of inflammatory mediators, which is why these drugs are commonly used in the treatment of bone metabolism diseases or bone tissue neoplasia. Conclusion: Osteonecrosis of the jaw is a worrying condition triggered by chronic use of bisphosphonates, but further studies are needed to provide higher levels of evidence on its pathophysiology and how the treatment of this condition should be conducted, a role that should be played by the doctor in conjunction with the dentist.