DEVELOPMENTS AND PERSPECTIVES ON THE CARE AND SCHOOLING OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES AND/OR SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS

Abstract

This article analyzes the evolutions and perspectives of the care and schooling of people with disabilities and/or special educational needs, considering historical milestones, advances and challenges. The study starts from the creation of specialized institutions in Brazil, such as the Benjamin Constant Institute and INES, and explores the transition from welfare practices to models of educational and social inclusion. The research adopts a qualitative approach based on a literature review, with emphasis on the factors that still hinder the full implementation of an inclusive education. The results highlight that, despite the advances, segregationist practices and prejudices persist that prevent effective inclusion. It is concluded that inclusion policies need to be improved and effectively implemented to guarantee the right to education for all.