EARLY MOBILIZATION AND ITS PROTOCOLS AT HOSPITAL DISCHARGE IN ADULT PATIENTS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Abstract

Introduction: The high-complexity hospital environment was created with the objective of offering intensive care to patients with severe acute states or system instability, with the potential for recovery. A growing number of individuals who survive the initial stage of treatment but do not have a good outcome are identified. A poor evolution of the critically ill patient is due to immobility, which can cause several complications that influence recovery. The authors warn that the consequences of immobility can extend up to 5 years after hospital discharge. It is highlighted in several published studies that PM is associated with a reduction in the patient's time in hospital units. Several arguments based on other studies indicate that PM has been proposed as a promising intervention for critically ill patients, important to prevent postoperative complications and reduce hospitalization time. Objective: To describe the influence of PM and its protocols on hospital discharge in adult patients in the ICU. Methods: This is a descriptive study based on a systematic review of the literature using the PICO strategy. Results and Discussion: Searches carried out in the databases found 96 articles that, after analysis, were discarded, 79 and 7 articles met all the inclusion criteria of this study. The present study analyzed the influence of PM and its protocols on hospital discharge in adult patients in the ICU in the selected articles. Where many issues should be investigated for a more assertive and guiding opinion, in this way to further highlight the benefits of the MP and its significant influence on hospital discharge. There is a need to design a model to meet the specific need according to the profile of the patients and thus systematize PM in the ICU. Conclusion: We consider it important to carry out further studies to systematize the practice and evidence the improvements of the protocols and, thus, benefit the patient, favoring their recovery, hospital discharge and quality of life.