EVOLUÇÃO, DESAFIOS E FUTURO DA COMPOSIÇÃO LIPÍDICA DE FÓRMULAS INFANTIS: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA DA LITERATURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n12-029Palavras-chave:
Lipídios, Ácidos Graxos, Fórmula Infantil, Alimento InfantilResumo
As fórmulas infantis evoluíram para replicar o perfil lipídico do leite humano, essencial para o desenvolvimento saudável dos bebês. Este artigo revisa as mudanças na composição de gorduras, desde as primeiras fórmulas com gorduras animais e vegetais até as atuais, enriquecidas com ácidos graxos essenciais como os ácidos docosa-hexaenoico (DHA, 22:6n-3) e ácido araquidônico (ARA, 20:4n-6). A replicação dos glóbulos de gordura do leite humano enfrenta desafios devido à sua estrutura única e compostos bioativos, que são cruciais para a nutrição e imunidade infantil. As tentativas de imitar o leite humano incluem o uso de óleos vegetais e avanços nas técnicas de emulsificação e homogeneização para melhorar a estabilidade e biodisponibilidade dos nutrientes, além da redução de gorduras saturadas e trans. As fórmulas modernas também buscam atender a alergias e intolerâncias alimentares, utilizando biotecnologia para sintetizar lipídios humanos, melhorando a digestibilidade e adequação nutricional. Embora grandes avanços tenham sido feitos, ainda existem limitações, especialmente em relação à sustentabilidade e aos custos de produção. Futuros desenvolvimentos podem incluir fórmulas personalizadas com base em genética e biotecnologia, além de soluções que reduzam o impacto ambiental, promovendo fórmulas infantis mais eficazes e sustentáveis.
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