AKHAL-TEKE Y EL SÍNDROME DEL POTRO DESNUDO: REVISIÓN DE LA LITERATURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv16n53-025Palabras clave:
Akhal-Teke, Diversidad Genética, ST14, Síndrome del Potro Desnudo, Conservación GenéticaResumen
El caballo Akhal-Teke es una de las razas equinas más antiguas y raras del mundo, reconocida por su morfología única, resistencia atlética e importancia histórica y cultural. Su reducida población mundial aumenta la vulnerabilidad de la raza a la endogamia y a la expresión de enfermedades hereditarias, siendo la más significativa el Síndrome del Potro Desnudo (SNU), caracterizado por una enfermedad autosómica recesiva causada por una mutación en el gen ST14, que provoca alopecia congénita, daño cutáneo y alta mortalidad neonatal. Este estudio consiste en una revisión bibliográfica sobre el origen, la morfología, el rendimiento atlético, la diversidad genética y los principales desafíos para la salud del Akhal-Teke, con especial atención al SNU. Se analizaron publicaciones científicas sobre los aspectos clínico-patológicos del síndrome, las herramientas de diagnóstico molecular y las estrategias de conservación de la raza. La revisión destaca que la preservación del Akhal-Teke requiere la integración de herramientas genómicas, un manejo reproductivo cuidadoso, la criopreservación de germoplasma y la cooperación internacional para mantener la variabilidad genética y prevenir enfermedades hereditarias.
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