EQUILIBRIO ENTRE FLEXIBILIDAD Y RESISTENCIA DE LOS BIOCOMPOSITOS DE NANOFIBRILLAS DE ALMIDÓN HIDROXIPROPILADO/CELULOSA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv16n51-094Palabras clave:
Hidroxipropilación, Almidón, CNF, Plastificación, BiocompositosResumen
Este estudio investiga las propiedades termomecánicas del almidón hidroxipropilado (HPS) como plastificante para películas convencionales de almidón termoplástico (TPS), reforzadas con nanofibrillas de celulosa (CNF). Un estudio previo demostró que la hidroxipropilación del almidón condujo a la formación in situ de poli(óxido de propileno) (PPO), lo que induce la gelatinización y produce TPS con un significativo efecto plastificante. Para abordar este problema, se exploró la mezcla de almidón de yuca nativo con HPS e incorporación de CNF, así como CNF hidroxipropilado (mCNF), como una estrategia de refuerzo sostenible. Las películas se prepararon mediante colada y sus propiedades se evaluaron mediante ensayos de resistencia a la tracción, espectroscopia infrarroja por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC) y análisis termogravimétrico (TG). Los resultados indican que la incorporación de CNF sin modificar aumentó significativamente la resistencia a la tracción de las películas de HPS/TPS, demostrando su eficaz capacidad de refuerzo. Por el contrario, la adición de mCNF redujo la resistencia a la tracción, lo que sugiere que la modificación química del CNF podría afectar su eficacia de refuerzo debido a interacciones alteradas con la matriz de almidón. La FTIR confirmó las interacciones moleculares, mientras que la DSC y la TG proporcionaron información sobre las transiciones térmicas y la estabilidad. Esta investigación destaca el potencial de combinar HPS, almidón nativo y CNF para crear biocompositos sostenibles y de alto rendimiento a base de almidón con un contenido reducido de plastificantes sintéticos, lo que ofrece un enfoque prometedor para diversas aplicaciones.
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