BARIATRIC SURGERY: EVALUATION OF LONG-TERM RESULTS AND POSTOPERATIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT

Abstract

Bariatric surgery is one of the most effective methods for the treatment of severe obesity, promoting sustained weight loss and improvement of metabolic comorbidities. However, the long-term effects, especially the psychological ones, are still the subject of investigation. This integrative review aimed to analyze the clinical outcomes and psychological impact of bariatric surgery in the late postoperative period. Articles published between 2015 and 2024 were selected in the PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and Google Scholar databases. The analysis of the studies revealed that most patients maintain significant weight loss after five years of surgery. However, some have weight regain and symptoms of anxiety, depression, or eating disorders, indicating the need for continuous psychological follow-up. It is concluded that the success of bariatric surgery depends not only on the surgical technique, but also on an interdisciplinary approach with a focus on mental health.