LA EFICACIA DEL ÁCIDO FERÚLICO EN LA PREVENCIÓN DEL FOTOENVEJECIMIENTO INDUCIDO POR LA RADIACIÓN ULTRAVIOLETA: UNA REVISIÓN INTEGRADORA DE LA LITERATURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv17n61-005Palabras clave:
Ácido Ferúlico, Antioxidantes, Fotoenvejecimiento Cutáneo, Radiación UltravioletaResumen
El fotoenvejecimiento cutáneo se debe al estrés oxidativo inducido por la radiación ultravioleta, que acelera la degradación del colágeno y la elastina. El ácido ferúlico, un compuesto fenólico de origen vegetal, destaca por su potente acción antioxidante y su capacidad para neutralizar los radicales libres, protegiendo así la matriz extracelular. El objetivo fue analizar la evidencia científica sobre la eficacia del ácido ferúlico en la prevención del fotoenvejecimiento cutáneo inducido por la radiación ultravioleta. Se llevó a cabo una revisión integrativa de la literatura en las bases de datos PubMed, BVS y Google Académico, utilizando los descriptores: ferulic acid, photoaging y ultraviolet radiation, combinados mediante operadores booleanos. Ocho artículos conformaron la muestra final tras la selección según criterios de elegibilidad. Los resultados demostraron que el ácido ferúlico inhibe significativamente la producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno y la expresión de metaloproteinasas de la matriz, además de estimular la síntesis de procolágeno tipo I en los fibroblastos dérmicos. Las formulaciones nanoencapsuladas y las emulsiones múltiples potenciaron su estabilidad y permeabilidad cutánea, mientras que los peelings al 14 % redujeron la hiperpigmentación y el eritema en ensayos clínicos, con efectos persistentes hasta un mes. Se evidenció, además, sinergia con las vitaminas C y E y estabilización de los filtros solares químicos. Se concluye que el ácido ferúlico constituye un agente preventivo eficaz contra el fotoenvejecimiento, actuando en múltiples dianas moleculares, siempre que se administre en sistemas de liberación adecuados y con seguridad evaluada.
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