ELEVACIÓN DEL SENO MAXILAR: COMPARACIÓN ENTRE LA TÉCNICA DE VENTANA LATERAL Y LA TÉCNICA TRANSCRESTAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv17n59-008Palabras clave:
Elevación del Seno Maxilar, Implantes Dentales, Ventana Lateral, Técnica Transcrestal, Injerto ÓseoResumen
El levantamiento de seno maxilar es un procedimiento ampliamente utilizado para permitir la colocación de implantes dentales en el maxilar posterior en casos de altura ósea reducida. Entre las técnicas disponibles, destacan el abordaje por ventana lateral y la técnica transcrestal, que difieren en cuanto a invasividad, ganancia ósea y morbilidad postoperatoria. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar una revisión bibliográfica integradora, comparando estas dos técnicas en cuanto a sus indicaciones, ventajas, limitaciones y resultados clínicos. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO y ScienceDirect, utilizando descriptores específicos combinados con operadores booleanos. Se incluyeron estudios clínicos, ensayos aleatorizados, revisiones sistemáticas y estudios observacionales publicados entre 2012 y 2025. Los resultados demostraron que ambas técnicas presentan altas tasas de éxito y supervivencia de los implantes. La técnica por ventana lateral demostró ser superior en términos de ganancia ósea, especialmente en casos de atrofia severa, mientras que la técnica transcrestal mostró menor morbilidad y mayor comodidad para el paciente. Se concluye que la elección de la técnica debe individualizarse, considerando factores anatómicos, altura ósea residual y la complejidad del caso clínico.
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