EL ESTADO DEL ARTE DEL PICKLEBALL: UNA REVISIÓN NARRATIVA DE LA LITERATURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv17n57-044Palabras clave:
Pickleball, Deportes, Ocio, SaludResumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo revisar la literatura científica sobre Pickleball producida durante la última década, haciendo hincapié en la caracterización, los beneficios, los riesgos y las lagunas científicas existentes. Esta revisión narrativa de la literatura buscó artículos publicados entre 2015 y 2025 en las bases de datos PubMed, BVS, Scielo y Google Scholar, utilizando el término "Pickleball" en el título. Se seleccionaron cuarenta y siete artículos que abordaban exclusivamente el deporte, excluyendo trabajos con un sesgo médico-clínico o que incluían otros deportes de raqueta. Los resultados demuestran que el Pickleball es un deporte accesible con un fuerte componente social que promueve beneficios para la salud física y mental. La práctica regular de intensidad moderada mejora los marcadores cardiovasculares, la composición corporal, la fuerza y el equilibrio. Psicológicamente, se asocia con una reducción de la depresión, un mayor bienestar, satisfacción vital y una mejor cognición. Sin embargo, el rápido crecimiento de este deporte ha provocado un aumento significativo de las lesiones, en particular fracturas en mujeres mayores y esguinces/distensiones en hombres. La prevención implica una preparación física adecuada, el uso de equipo de protección y el entrenamiento técnico. Se ha identificado una escasez de estudios longitudinales en poblaciones jóvenes y atletas de élite, así como en lesiones crónicas. En definitiva, con base en un análisis del estado del arte del Pickleball, podemos clasificarlo como una herramienta eficaz para la promoción de la salud. Sin embargo, su crecimiento debe ir acompañado de avances en la producción científica y la concienciación sobre la prevención y el cuidado de lesiones para garantizar una práctica segura y positiva para sus participantes.
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