THERAPIES USED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PERINATAL HYPOXIC-ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW OF THEIR EFFECTS ON CHILD NEUROPSYCHOMOTOR DEVELOPMENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv16n53-128Keywords:
Hypothermia Induced, Hypoxia-ischemic Brain, Child DevelopmentAbstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a severe neurological disorder that may lead to permanent brain injury, with significant impact on infant neuropsychomotor development (NPMD). Early treatment is essential to minimize damage to the central nervous system. This study aimed to identify and synthesize scientific evidence on the effects of different therapies used in the management of perinatal HIE on infant neuropsychomotor development. An integrative literature review was conducted in April 2025, with searches performed in the MEDLINE, BDENF, LILACS, and SciELO databases using the descriptors “cerebral hypoxia-ischemia” and “child development.” Studies published between 2020 and 2025 in Portuguese, English, and Spanish were included. Eight articles met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the most established intervention, demonstrating efficacy in reducing mortality and neurological sequelae when applied early. Tools such as EEG, MRI, and general movement assessment were highlighted for their importance in monitoring and prognosis. Additionally, the relevance of humanized care and multidisciplinary collaboration was emphasized. In conclusion, TH is effective in the management of HIE, although its success still depends on adequate infrastructure and professional training, particularly in resource-limited settings. Expanding access to therapies and ensuring continuous follow-up are crucial to improving NPMD outcomes.
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References
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