INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES: IMPACTS AND STRATEGIES FOR CONTAINMENT

Abstract

Invasive alien species represent one of the main threats to global biodiversity, impacting ecosystems, economic activities and public health. This article discusses the mechanisms of introduction and dispersion of these species, their ecological, economic and social impacts, as well as the management and control strategies employed globally. Biological encroachment can result in local extinctions, competition for resources, the spread of disease, and environmental degradation, directly affecting the stability of ecosystems. Emblematic cases, such as the Burmese python in the Everglades, hippos in Colombia and wild boars in Brazil, demonstrate the seriousness of the problem. Eradication, management, and prevention strategies, such as sanitary barriers, population control, and monitoring policies, have been implemented to mitigate the impacts of these species. An integrated approach and international cooperation are essential to minimize environmental and socio-economic damage. It is concluded that the effective management of invasive species requires continuous efforts based on scientific evidence to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem services.