BLACK WOMEN'S HEALTH IN THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD: ISSUES OF EQUITY AND HUMANIZED HEALTH CARE

Abstract

Introduction: Black women's health in the postpartum period is marked by challenges that reflect structural inequalities and institutional racism, resulting in significant disparities in maternal and neonatal outcomes. Black women face higher risks of maternal morbidity and mortality, as well as experiencing neglect and a lack of empathy in postpartum care. The impact of structural racism and the social determinants of health makes evident the need for a more equitable and humanized health system, which promotes comprehensive and respectful care for these women. Objective: This study aimed to analyze, through a narrative literature review, the main barriers faced by black women in the postpartum period and to discuss strategies to promote equity and humanization in care, focusing on the challenges and opportunities to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. Methodology: The narrative review was conducted based on articles published between 2013 and 2024, selected from the PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs, and Google Scholar databases. Descriptors related to the theme were used, such as "black women's health", "postpartum", "equity in health" and "humanized care". The inclusion criteria considered peer-reviewed studies, published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, that addressed specific issues of black women's health in the postpartum period. Data analysis was carried out descriptively, highlighting qualitative aspects related to the experiences and challenges of these women. Results and Discussion: The results showed inequalities in access to and quality of postpartum care for black women, impacted by institutional racism, socioeconomic vulnerability, and negligence in health services. The absence of humanized practices and the underdiagnosis of mental health issues, such as postpartum depression, were highlighted. On the other hand, initiatives to train professionals and social support networks have proven effective in promoting equity and humanized care. Conclusion: The study reinforces the need to address structural racism as a determinant of inequalities in maternal health. Inclusive public policies, training of professionals, and strengthening of support networks are essential to ensure dignified and equitable care for black women in the postpartum period, promoting their well-being and comprehensive health.