THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES FOR PULMONARY AND HEPATIC MANIFESTATIONS IN ALPHA-1 ANTITRYPSIN DEFICIENCY: A LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv17n57-053Keywords:
AATD, Protease, Antiprotease, Pulmonary and Hepatic Manifestations, TherapeuticsAbstract
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is an underdiagnosed, inherited genetic disease primarily associated with progressive pulmonary and hepatic manifestations. Alpha-1 antitrypsin is a protein produced predominantly in the liver, responsible for inhibiting proteases, especially neutrophil elastase, playing a fundamental role in protecting the lung parenchyma. Deficiency of this protein results in protease-antiprotease imbalance, favoring lung tissue destruction and the accumulation of abnormal protein in hepatocytes. This study aims to conduct a literature review on AATD, addressing its clinical importance, with an emphasis on therapeutic strategies aimed at optimizing treatment and improving patients' quality of life. It is a literature review based on national and international scientific literature, using databases such as Google Academic, PubMed, and SciELO. The findings show that early diagnosis and individualized therapeutic management, including alpha-1 antitrypsin replacement therapy, pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures, and multidisciplinary follow-up, are essential to delay disease progression and improve prognosis.
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