EFEITO DA SUPLEMENTAÇÃO DE PROBIÓTICOS E PREBIÓTICOS COMO COADJUVANTES NO TRATAMENTO DA DEPRESSÃO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv16n55-073Palavras-chave:
Probióticos, Prebióticos, Sintomas DepressivosResumo
A depressão é um transtorno mental de alta prevalência que impacta significativamente a qualidade de vida. Tradicionalmente tratada por abordagens farmacológicas e psicoterapêuticas, novos estudos têm explorado o eixo microbiota-intestino-cérebro como via complementar para o tratamento. Nesse contexto, o uso de probióticos e prebióticos tem ganhado destaque por seus potenciais efeitos benéficos sobre a saúde mental, influenciando positivamente nos sintomas depressivos. Por esse motivo, o presente estudo propôs, por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura verificar a utilização desses compostos em indivíduos com transtornos depressivos, onde buscou-se evidenciar lacunas no conhecimento atual e promover a aproximação entre a nutrição e a saúde mental. A pesquisa ocorreu por meio da busca de estudos disponíveis nas bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane e Science direct, utilizando os descritores, “Probiotics”, “Prebiotics”, “Depression”, combinados pelos operadores booleanos “AND e OR”. Conclui-se que a utilização dos probióticos e prebióticos como via terapêutica suplementar indicam resultados satisfatórios no tratamento de sintomas depressivos. Levando em consideração a ausência de padronização e avaliação continua do uso dessas suplementações, é relevante ressaltar que os resultados precisam ser analisados com diligência, dessa maneira os efeitos moduladores terão maior respaldo para utilização. Por conseguinte, faz-se necessário também a realização de mais testes com dose, tempo e métodos com padrões específicos para um resultado mais fidedigno.
Downloads
Referências
BARTOS, A.; WEINEROVA, J.; DIONDET, S. Effects of human probiotics on memory and psychological and physical measures in community-dwelling older adults with normal and mildly impaired cognition: results of a bi-center, double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trial (CleverAge biota). Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, v. 15, 7 jul. 2023.
BINDELS, L. B. et al. Towards a more comprehensive concept for prebiotics. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, v. 12, n. 5, p. 303–310, 31 mar. 2015.
BOCKTING, C. L. et al. A lifetime approach to major depressive disorder: The contributions of psychological interventions in preventing relapse and recurrence. Clinical Psychology Review, v. 41, p. 16–26, nov. 2015. DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2015.02.003.
CHEN, S. et al. Prevalence, progress, and subgroup disparities in pharmacological antidepressant treatment of those who screen positive for depressive symptoms: a repetitive cross-sectional study in 19 European countries. The Lancet Regional Health – Europe, v. 17, p.100368, jun. 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100368.
CRYAN, J. F. et al. The microbiota-gut-brain axis. Physiological Reviews, v. 99, n. 4, p. 1877-2013, 28 ago. 2019. DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00018.2018.
DEEHAN, E. C. et al. Perspective: Revisiting the concepts of prebiotic and prebiotic effect in light of scientific and regulatory progress – A consensus paper from the Global Prebiotic Association (GPA). Advances in Nutrition, p. 100329, out. 2024. DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100329.
FREIJY, T. M. et al. Effects of a high-prebiotic diet versus probiotic supplements versus synbiotics on adult mental health: The “Gut Feelings” randomised controlled trial. Frontiers in Neuroscience, v. 16, 6 fev. 2023.
FULLER, R. Probiotics in human medicine. Gut, v. 32, n. 4, p. 439-442, 1 abr. 1991. DOI: 10.1136/gut.32.4.439.
GIBSON, G. R.; ROBERFROID, M. B. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: introducing the concept of prebiotics. The Journal of Nutrition, v. 125, n. 6, p. 1401–1412, 1 jun. 1995. DOI:10.1093/jn/125.6.1401.
HAGHIGHAT, N.; RAJABI, S.; MOHAMMADSHAHI, M. Effect of synbiotic and probiotic supplementation on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor level, depression and anxiety symptoms in hemodialysis patients: a randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial. Nutritional Neuroscience, p. 1–10, 4 ago. 2019.
HEIDARZADEH-RAD, N. et al. Effects of a Psychobiotic Supplement on Serum Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Depressive Patients: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, v. 26, n. 4, p. 486–495, 30 set. 2020.
HILL, C. et al. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic. Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, v. 11, n. 8, p. 506–14, 2014.
KENNEDY, P. J. et al. Irritable bowel syndrome: a microbiome-gut-brain axis disorder? World Journal of Gastroenterology, v. 20, n. 39, p. 14105, 2014. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14105.
KESSLER, R. C. et al. Age differences in the prevalence and co-morbidity of DSM-IV major depressive episodes: results from the WHO World Mental Health Survey Initiative. Depression and Anxiety, v. 27, n. 4, p. 351–364, abr. 2010.
MARX, W. et al. Major depressive disorder. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, v. 9, n. 1, p. 44, 24 ago. 2023. DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00454-1
MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE. Depressão. Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/assuntos/saude-de-a-a-z/d/depressao. Acesso em: 30 maio 2025.
MOINUL, D. et al. Patient Perceptions of Microbiome-Based Therapies as Novel Treatments for Mood Disorders: A Mixed Methods Study. The Canadian journal of psychiatry/Canadian journal of psychiatry, 28 fev. 2024.
NALIBOFF, B. D. et al. Evidence for decreased activation of central fear circuits by expected aversive visceral stimuli in IBS patients. Gastroenterology, v. 118, n. 4, 1 abr. 2000. DOI:10.1016/S0016-5085(00)82626-8
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CARE EXCELLENCE. Depression in adults: treatment and management. London: NICE, 2022.
NIKOLOVA, V. L. et al. Perturbations in gut microbiota composition in psychiatric disorders: a review and meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry, v. 78, n. 12, p. 1343–1354, 2021. DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.2573.
O’MAHONY, S. M. et al. Maternal separation as a model of brain–gut axis dysfunction. Psychopharmacology, v. 214, n.1, p. 71–88, 2011. DOI: 10.1007/s00213-010-2010-9.
PETER P.J. JACKSON et al. Inulin-type fructans and 2’fucosyllactose alter both microbial composition and appear to alleviate stress-induced mood state in a working population compared to placebo (maltodextrin): the EFFICAD Trial, a randomized, controlled trial. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, v. 118, n. 5, p. 938–955, 1 nov. 2023.
QASEEM, A. et al. Nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatments of adults in the acute phase of major depressive disorder: a living clinical guideline from the American College of Physicians. Annals of Internal Medicine, v. 176, n. 2, p. 239–252, 2023. DOI: 10.7326/M22-2056.
RADFORD-SMITH, D. E.; ANTHONY, D. C. Prebiotic and probiotic modulation of the microbiota–gut–brain axis in depression. Nutrients, v. 15, n. 8, p. 1880, 2023. DOI: 10.3390/nu15081880.
ROSSOM, R. C. et al. Antidepressant adherence across diverse populations and healthcare settings. Depression and Anxiety, v. 33, n. 8, p. 765–774, 2016. DOI: 10.1002/da.22532.
SANTOMAURO, D. F. et al. Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet, v. 398, n. 10312, p. 1700–1712, 6 nov. 2021. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02143-7.
SARKAR, A. et al. Psychobiotics and the manipulation of bacteria–gut–brain signals. Trends in Neurosciences, v. 39, n. 11, p. 763–781, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2016.09.002
STECHER, C.; CLOONAN, S.; DOMINO, M. E. The economics of treatment for depression. Annual Review of Public Health, v. 45, n. 1, p. 527-551, 2023. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-061022-040533.
TARUTANI, S. et al. Effects of 4G-beta-D-Galactosylsucrose in patients with depression: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparative study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, v. 148, p. 110–120, abr. 2022.
TENEA, G. N.; YÉPEZ, L. Probiotics and prebiotics in human nutrition and health. In: RAO, V. (Ed.). Probiotics and prebiotics in human nutrition and health. Rijeka: InTech, 2016. DOI: 10.5772/61495.
