ISCHEMIC STROKE: ADVANCES IN TREATMENT AND THERAPEUTIC PERSPECTIVES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/ERR01v10n4-015Keywords:
Ischemic Stroke, Perfusion Tomography, Mechanical Thrombectomy, Extracellular VesiclesAbstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is the leading cause of mortality and neurological disability worldwide. Significant advances in recent decades have revolutionized treatment, notably intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy, which have extended the therapeutic window to up to 24 hours in selected cases. Perfusion tomography (PTT) has enabled an approach based on brain physiology by identifying potentially salvageable penumbra areas. Despite this, many patients remain unsuitable for vascular recanalization, driving research into new diagnostic approaches, such as biomarkers and extracellular vesicles (EVs), as well as the use of artificial intelligence for neuroimaging analysis. Emerging strategies, such as therapy with EVs derived from the neurovascular unit, show neuroprotective and regenerative potential, paving the way for personalized medicine in the management of IS.
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