EFECTOS DE LA GAMETERAPIA EN LA REHABILITACIÓN DE PACIENTES EN UNA UNIDAD DE CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS DE QUEMADOS: UN ESTUDIO PILOTO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n10-164Palabras clave:
Realidad Virtual, Rehabilitación, Quemados, Nintendo WiiResumen
Objetivos: Evaluar el efecto de la ludoterapia en la rehabilitación funcional de pacientes con quemaduras en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de Quemados.
Diseño: Estudio piloto controlado y aleatorizado. Veintinueve pacientes con quemaduras en miembros superiores y tórax. Se realizaron diez sesiones en ambos grupos, con una duración de 30 minutos. El grupo de prueba (Gwii n = 15) se rehabilitó mediante tenis, golf y boxeo, mientras que el grupo control (GPt n = 14) realizó actividades que abordaban los mismos objetivos de la ludoterapia. Medida principal de resultados: prueba de fuerza de prensión palmar, presiones respiratorias máximas, prueba de marcha de seis minutos, nivel de independencia funcional, ansiedad y dolor determinados mediante la Escala de Ansiedad por Dolor Específico de Quemaduras. Aleatorización: Los pacientes se distribuyeron en dos grupos de intervención: Grupo Nintendo Wii Sport (n = 10) y Grupo Fisioterapia Convencional (n = 10), mediante un sorteo aleatorio e independiente. Análisis estadístico: Los análisis comparativos entre los protocolos de fisioterapia intra e intergrupales se realizaron mediante pruebas pareadas de Student o Wilcoxon.
Resultados: Se observó un aumento significativo en la PME (p = 0,0226), la dinamometría de la extremidad superior derecha (p = 0,0203), la dinamometría de la extremidad superior izquierda (p = 0,0367), el FIL (p = 0,0003) y la prueba de 6 minutos (p = 0,0019), así como una reducción significativa de la ansiedad y el dolor (p = 0,0323). Sin embargo, en el grupo de terapia de juego, todas las variables estudiadas mostraron una mejora significativa. Sin embargo, en las evaluaciones intergrupales, no se observaron diferencias significativas en ninguna de las variables estudiadas.
Conclusión: La terapia de juego puede ser un recurso con potencial terapéutico en la recuperación funcional de los pacientes con quemaduras, ya que, en este estudio, se obtuvieron resultados similares a los de la fisioterapia convencional.
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