INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN LA PRÁCTICA CLÍNICA: UNA REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA DE EXPERIENCIAS Y PERSPECTIVAS GLOBALES PARA ANGOLA (MALANJE)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n9-243Palabras clave:
Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Manifestaciones Extraintestinales, Espondiloartritis Axial y PeriféricaResumen
Introducción: La enfermedad de Crohn (EC) y la colitis ulcerosa (CU) son enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales (EII), afecciones autoinmunes crónicas que afectan principalmente al tracto gastrointestinal. Sin embargo, también pueden presentarse manifestaciones extraintestinales, en particular la espondiloartritis (EspA).
Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la prevalencia de manifestaciones extraintestinales, con especial atención a la EspA, asociadas con la EII, destacando la importancia de la detección temprana para un seguimiento adecuado con especialistas.
Métodos: Esta revisión narrativa de la literatura se basó en una búsqueda clínica y epidemiológica de información sobre pacientes con EC o CU concomitante con EspA. El período fue de 2011 a 2025 en las bases de datos Scielo y PubMed con descriptores como "Enfermedad de Crohn", "Colitis Ulcerosa", "Enfermedades Inflamatorias Intestinales", "Espondiloartritis", "Sacroileítis", "Artritis", "Prevalencia", "Epidemiología" y "Frecuencia".
Resultados y discusión: Los resultados revelan una prevalencia de afectación musculoesquelética en la EII, con un aumento notable en la prevalencia de EspA axial asociada a EC.
Consideraciones finales: Las manifestaciones extraintestinales, cuando se presentan asociadas a la EII, deben diagnosticarse precozmente para permitir un manejo terapéutico integral, abordando ambas comorbilidades. Esto reduce la morbilidad y la mortalidad en estos pacientes, previene la progresión de la enfermedad y mejora la calidad de vida mediante un manejo y seguimiento adecuados por parte de gastroenterólogos y reumatólogos.
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