ANALYSIS OF SUSPENDED SOLIDS VARIABILITY IN THE PATOS LAGOON ESTUARY USING REMOTE SENSING (2018–2019)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n10-005Keywords:
SENTINEL -2, QGIS, NCEP/ DOE Reanalysis IIAbstract
Population growth and anthropogenic activities compromise water quality in coastal regions, reinforcing the need for continuous monitoring, as established by Resolution Nº 357 of the National Environmental Council. The study area was the Patos Lagoon estuary, an ecosystem of high ecological and socioeconomic importance, influenced both by urban and industrial effluents from the city of Rio Grande and by climatic variability. Phenomena such as El Niño and La Niña affect precipitation, salinity, temperature, and estuarine dynamics, resulting in changes in water quality parameters such as Total Suspended Solids (TSS). The research focused on the period of 2018–2019, marked by a moderate El Niño event that generated seasonal anomalies. Results indicated a warmer autumn compared to summer (21.03 °C vs. 20.83 °C), a winter with strong winds (≥7.60 m/s) even under high atmospheric pressure (≥1022.73 hPa), and extreme autumn precipitation (~909 mm). Such variations promoted changes in water quality, evidenced by TSS peaks (≥36 mg/L) in summer, associated with wind-induced sediment resuspension and nutrient input from rainfall. These findings highlight the estuary’s sensitivity to extreme climatic events and demonstrate the effectiveness of spatial modeling based on remote sensing data as a tool for large-scale monitoring of suspended solids.
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