UNLOCKING THE POTENTIALS OF PALM OIL AS A SOURCE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY

Abstract

In response to the global push for cleaner energy solutions, efforts have expanded to explore renewable alternatives beyond conventional sources, with impressive yield levels and multifaceted utility. There is growing acceptance of palm oil as a practical renewable energy resource. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the potential of palm oil in contributing to renewable energy development. Employing a qualitative literature review methodology, this research systematically synthesizes findings from academic articles, policy documents, and technical reports published between 2015 and 2025. Data collection involved extensive database searches using keywords related to palm oil, renewable energy, biodiesel, and biomass. The gathered literature was analyzed through thematic content analysis to identify key trends, challenges, and opportunities in palm oil utilization for energy purposes. Results indicate that palm oil-based biodiesel and biogas from biomass residues offer substantial renewable energy outputs with favorable energy return on investment. However, sustainability concerns, including deforestation, land use change, and fragmented governance frameworks, pose significant obstacles. Technological limitations and regulatory inconsistencies also hinder optimal resource exploitation. In conclusion, while palm oil holds considerable promise as a renewable energy source, strategic policy integration, enhanced sustainability certification, and technological advancements are essential to fully unlock its benefits. Future research should focus on empirical assessments of smallholder engagement and lifecycle environmental impacts to support more inclusive and sustainable bioenergy practices.