MAPEAMENTO E ANÁLISE DE CAMPANHAS NEGATIVAS CONTRA O ÓLEO DE PALMA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev8n1-142Palavras-chave:
Óleo de Palma, Campanha Negativa, Enquadramento Midiático, Percepção Pública, Revisão Sistemática da LiteraturaResumo
A indústria do óleo de palma tem sido alvo de campanhas negativas persistentes, especialmente na mídia internacional e em discursos de advocacy, que frequentemente a associam ao desmatamento, à perda de biodiversidade e às mudanças climáticas. Essas narrativas, embora parcialmente sustentadas por evidências científicas, são muitas vezes influenciadas por agendas políticas, econômicas e ideológicas, resultando em percepções globais polarizadas. Este estudo tem como objetivo mapear e analisar de forma sistemática como as campanhas negativas contra o óleo de palma têm sido enquadradas, disseminadas e interpretadas na literatura acadêmica revisada por pares. Adotando uma abordagem qualitativa por meio do método de Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL), o estudo segue o protocolo PRISMA para garantir transparência e reprodutibilidade. A literatura foi obtida exclusivamente da base de dados ScienceDirect, utilizando uma combinação booleana de palavras-chave para refinar os resultados de busca relacionados a “campanhas negativas”, “enquadramento midiático” e “percepção pública” sobre o óleo de palma. Um total de 1.896 resultados iniciais foi submetido a quatro etapas de filtragem — identificação, triagem, elegibilidade e inclusão — resultando em 36 artigos finais, publicados entre 2022 e 2025, que atenderam aos critérios de acesso aberto, pesquisa original e relevância temática. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise temática de conteúdo, visando extrair padrões sobre como narrativas negativas são construídas e sustentadas. Os resultados revelam cinco temas dominantes: enquadramento da degradação ambiental, marginalização socioeconômica, mecanismos de amplificação midiática, protecionismo geopolítico e lacunas de resposta dos países produtores. Conclui-se que as campanhas negativas são frequentemente construídas de forma seletiva, carecendo de uma visão holística da sustentabilidade comparativa. Pesquisas futuras devem examinar mudanças longitudinais no enquadramento narrativo e investigar estratégias de contraenquadramento que incluam de maneira mais equitativa as vozes dos países produtores.
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