THE SELF-PERCEPTION OF HEALTH OF ELDERLY PEOPLE WHO ATTEND COMMUNITY GROUPS

Abstract

Introduction: Knowledge of the self-perception of health in the elderly is of paramount importance since, based on it, it becomes possible to analyze the health conditions of this population and factors associated with its positive and negative aspects. It is currently considered a reliable way to assess the general health status, as well as a relevant indicator of quality of life and even mortality, with regard to the elderly. Objective: To know the self-perception of health and associated factors in elderly people attending community groups. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study, of a quantitative nature, carried out in a community center in the city of São Luís, MA. A questionnaire addressing biopsychosocial data was used as collection instruments, while self-perception of health was assessed using the Old Age Schedule questionnaire, adapted for the Brazilian population. Results: sample consisted of 30 elderly people aged 60 to 85 years, 76% female and 24% male. The level of education varied between incomplete high school (17%) and complete higher education (83%), with 47% having an income equal to or greater than 2 minimum wages. 73% of older adults reported having a positive self-perception of health, while 27% reported negative self-perception. When comparing the perception of their health in relation to people of the same age, 36% of the elderly considered themselves to be in better condition than most people they know, while 64% considered that they were in the same health condition as most people they know. Conclusion: the results allowed us to conclude that self-perception of health can be influenced by different factors, such as level of education, financial and clinical conditions, adherence and practice of physical exercise, especially in groups. These elements can play an important role in the positive self-perception of the elderly, as seen in the present study.