EFICÁCIA DO EXERCÍCIO DE RESISTÊNCIA VERSUS FORÇA PARA AUMENTAR A CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL DE PESSOAS OBESAS APÓS A CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA SISTEMÁTICA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv16n54-053Palavras-chave:
Capacidade Funcional, Cirurgia Bariátrica, Exercício, ObesidadeResumo
Introdução: A obesidade surgiu como uma preocupação global de saúde, levando pesquisadores, formuladores de políticas públicas e profissionais da saúde a unirem esforços para combater essa epidemia multifacetada. O aumento do nível de atividade física faz parte do tratamento; entretanto, ainda não está claro qual tipo de exercício é o mais adequado.
Objetivo: Sintetizar as evidências sobre qual tipo de exercício é mais eficaz para a capacidade funcional de pessoas obesas após a cirurgia bariátrica.
Métodos: Revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos randomizados publicados em inglês, espanhol e português. A busca foi realizada entre 23 de abril e 10 de junho de 2023 nas bases de dados MedLine via PubMed, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), literatura cinzenta e na Cochrane Library. O risco de viés foi analisado com a ferramenta Revisada da Cochrane (Rob 2) e o nível de evidência e força de recomendação foram avaliados pelo sistema GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation).
Resultados: Das 10.436 publicações identificadas, foram incluídos 6 estudos, com uma população de 175 pessoas obesas, em sua maioria mulheres, com idades entre 18 e 65 anos, submetidas ao bypass gástrico. Os estudos foram publicados entre 2011 e 2018 no Brasil, Canadá, Estados Unidos, Irã e Reino Unido. Nossa síntese e análise demonstraram, com baixo nível de confiança, que os exercícios de resistência, isolados ou combinados com exercícios de força, foram mais eficazes para melhorar a capacidade funcional de pessoas obesas após a cirurgia bariátrica.
Conclusão: Com uma recomendação fraca e baixo nível de evidência, recomenda-se o uso de exercícios de resistência para melhorar a capacidade funcional de pacientes obesos após a cirurgia bariátrica.
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