THE LEGAL PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS TO HEALTH FOR PEOPLE WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv16n54-001Keywords:
Autism Spectrum Disorder, Right to Health, Public Policies, Legal ProtectionAbstract
The article analyzed the legal protection of the right to health for people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Brazil, considering the main normative instruments and the effectiveness of their application. The objective was to examine the legal foundations that ensure comprehensive and specialized care for people with ASD and to assess the challenges for their implementation within the Unified Health System (SUS). A qualitative approach was adopted, based on bibliographic and documentary review, using the method of problematization and legal synthesis. The research demonstrates that, although Law No. 12,764/2012 (Berenice Piana Law) and Law No. 13,146/2015 (Brazilian Inclusion Law) represent significant progress by recognizing ASD as a disability for all legal purposes, their application faces structural barriers, such as the shortage of specialized professionals, long waiting lists, and regional inequalities in access to health services. It is also observed that the absence of public policies and the limitation of resources hinder the realization of the right established by law. It is concluded that the specific legislation on ASD represents significant progress in guaranteeing the right to health, but it still reveals weaknesses in light of the practical difficulties faced by the Brazilian health system.
Downloads
References
APA - AMERICAN PSYCHIATRY ASSOCIATION. Manual diagnóstico e estatístico de transtornos mentais-DSM-V. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2002.
APA - AMERICAN PSYCHIATRY ASSOCIATION (APA). Manual diagnóstico e estatístico de transtornos mentais-DSM-V. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2014.
BRASIL. Superior Tribunal de Justiça. Jurisprudência em Teses, edição 845: direitos da pessoa com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Brasília: STJ, 2025. Acesso em: 12 ago. 2025.
BRASIL. Lei nº 12.764, de 27 de dezembro de 2012. Institui a Política Nacional de Proteção dos Direitos da Pessoa com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Brasília: Presidência da República, Casa Civil, 2012. Acesso em: 7 set. 2025.
BRASIL. Lei nº 13.146, de 6 de julho de 2015. Institui a Lei Brasileira de Inclusão da Pessoa com Deficiência. Brasília: Diário Oficial da União, 2015. Acesso em: 7 set. 2025.
HELENO, Ana Luiza Zotti Loyola et al. TEA - Transtorno do Espectro Autista: Conceitos e Intervenções da Saúde e da Educação. Revista Científica Integrada, v. 4, n. 4, Ribeirão Preto: Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), 2020. Acesso em: 2 out. 2025.
BRASIL. IBGE. Censo 2022 identifica 2,4 milhões de pessoas diagnosticadas com autismo no Brasil. Agência de Notícias IBGE, 23 maio 2025. Acesso em: 2 out. 2025.
ONZI, Franciele Zanella; GOMES, Roberta de Figueiredo. Transtorno do Espectro Autista: a importância do diagnóstico e reabilitação. Caderno Pedagógico, Lajeado, v. 12, n. 3, p. 188-199, 2015.
ARDORE, Marilena; CORTEZ, Maria; REGEN, Mina. Conceitos e funções da família. São Paulo: Mimeo, 2001.
BAPTISTA, Cláudio Roberto (Org.). Inclusão e escolarização: múltiplas perspectivas. Porto Alegre: Mediação, 2006. 192 p.
HUBER, J. et al. Development of a novel multi-disciplinary specialized care service for children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder and/or intellectual/developmental disability in a tertiary children’s hospital setting. Children (Basel), v. 10, n. 1, p. 57–57, 27 dez. 2023. Acesso em: 1 out. 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/children10010057
SALVATORE, G. L.; SIMMONS, C.; TREMOULET, P. D. Physician perspectives on severe behavior and restraint use in a hospital setting for patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v. 52, n. 10, p. 4412–4425, 16 out. 2021. Acesso em: 1 out. 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05327-8
KANNER, Leo. Autistic disturbances of affective contact. The Nervous Child, Baltimore, v. 2, p. 217–250, 1943. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01543478>. Acesso em: 20 out. 2025.
BLEULER, Eugen. Dementia praecox oder Gruppe der Schizophrenien. Leipzig: Deuticke, 1911.
ZILBOVICIUS, M. et al. Autismo: estudo de neuroimagem. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, São Paulo, v. 28, n. 1, p. 9–15, 2006. Disponível em: <https://www.scielo.br/j/rbp/a/j4RkY4jP4PBgQgrxRqF9mXt/>. Acesso em: 22 set. 2025.
COURCHESNE, Eric et al. The theory of early brain overgrowth in autism. Neuron, Cambridge, v. 70, n. 6, p. 1084–1096, 2011. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.033>. Acesso em: 22 set. 2025.
GESCHWIND, Daniel H.; STATE, Matthew W. Gene hunting in autism spectrum disorder. Science, Washington, v. 347, n. 6223, p. 125–131, 2015. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa6719>. Acesso em: 22 set. 2025.
BEVAN, S. et al. Positive healthcare encounters for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: accommodations during surgical procedures. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing, v. 38, n. 1, p. 6–11, 1 fev. 2023. Acesso em: 1 out. 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2022.05.070
DIZITZER, Y. et al. Comorbidity and health services’ usage in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a nested case–control study. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, v. 29, 1 jan. 2020. Acesso em: 27 set. 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796020000050
CERVANTES, P. E. et al. Sustainability of a care pathway for children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder on an inpatient psychiatric service. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v. 49, n. 8, p. 3173–3180, 7 maio 2019. Acesso em: 27 set. 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04029-6
KOUO, T. et al. Assessing ease of delivering emergency care for patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, v. 42, n. 9, p. 704–710, 19 maio 2021. Acesso em: 27 set. 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000974
THOM, R. P.; MCDOUGLE, C. J.; HAZEN, E. P. Challenges in the medical care of patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder: the role of the consultation-liaison psychiatrist. Psychosomatics, v. 60, n. 5, p. 435–443, 1 set. 2019. Acesso em: 27 set. 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psym.2019.04.003
SANDERS, K. et al. Addressing challenging behavior during hospitalizations for children with Autism: a pilot applied behavior analysis randomized controlled trial. Autism Research, v. 13, n. 7, p. 1072–1078, 23 abr. 2020. Acesso em: 27 set. 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2308
CORSANO, P.; CINOTTI, M. E.; GUIDOTTI, L. Paediatric nurses’ knowledge and experience of Autism Spectrum Disorders: an Italian survey. Journal of Child Health Care, v. 24, n. 3, p. 486–495, 8 set. 2020. Acesso em: 27 set. 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1367493519875339
BRASIL. Superior Tribunal de Justiça. STJ determina cobertura de tratamento multidisciplinar para autista mesmo fora da rede credenciada. Brasília, 12 abr. 2023. Disponível em: https://www.stj.jus.br/sites/portalp/Paginas/Comunicacao/Noticias/2023/12042023-Tratamento-multidisciplinar-de-autismo-deve-ser-coberto-de-maneira-ampla-por-plano-de-saude.aspx. Acesso em: 22 out. 2025.
BRASIL. Superior Tribunal de Justiça. Jurisprudência em Teses: novos entendimentos sobre os direitos da pessoa com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Brasília, 26 maio 2025. Disponível em: https://www.stj.jus.br/sites/portalp/Paginas/Comunicacao/Noticias/2025/26052025-Jurisprudencia-em-Teses-traz-novos-entendimentos-sobre-os-direitos-da-pessoa-com-transtorno-do-espectro-autista-.aspx. Acesso em: 22 out. 2025.
COSTA, Rodrigo Oliveira da. O transtorno de espectro autista na visão do STJ. Migalhas, São Paulo, 11 set. 2023. Disponível em: https://www.migalhas.com.br/depeso/432745/o-transtorno-de-espectro-autista-na-visao-do-stj. Acesso em: 22 out. 2025.
