GLUCOCORTICOID-INDUCED HYPOGONADISM: IMPACTS ON BONE METABOLISM AND RISK OF OSTEOPOROSIS

Abstract

Prolonged use of glucocorticoids is associated with several systemic adverse effects, including suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, leading to hypogonadism. This condition results in reduced levels of sex hormones, which are essential for maintaining bone health. The combination of the direct effect of glucocorticoids on osteoblasts and estrogen or testosterone deficiency aggravates bone loss and significantly increases the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. This narrative review aims to discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced hypogonadism and its impact on bone metabolism, emphasizing the importance of prevention and early management of this condition.