HIV INFECTION STATUS IN PARANÁ AND MARINGÁ: A QUANTITATIVE AND COMPARATIVE APPROACH BETWEEN 2012 AND 2023

Abstract

Introduction: HIV infections remain a significant public health challenge, requiring continuous monitoring to assess the effectiveness of screening and treatment strategies. Objective: This study comparatively analyzed the status of HIV infection in the state of Paraná and the city of Maringá, between 2012 and 2023. Methodology: This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach, based on secondary data from SINAN and SIM. Variables such as year of diagnosis, sex, education, race/color, exposure category and number of deaths were analyzed, in addition to incidence, mortality and lethality rates, calculated from population data from IBGE. Results: The results indicated a downward trend in HIV incidence in Brazil and Paraná, while Maringá showed an increase in the number of reported cases. The infection was more prevalent in men (76.3%), predominantly between 35 and 59 years old, with a higher proportion of cases among heterosexuals. The mortality rate in Paraná was slightly higher than that of Maringá, which may be related to greater testing coverage and early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the municipality. Conclusion: The increase in notifications in Maringá highlights the need to intensify preventive strategies and expand access to early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Public policies that favor adherence to ART and reduce morbidity and mortality are essential to combat the epidemic and promote the health of people living with HIV.