ADVANCED TECHNIQUES FOR DIFFICULT AIRWAY MANAGEMENT: INNOVATIONS AND SUCCESSFUL PROTOCOLS IN CRITICAL

Abstract

The management of difficult airways in critical emergencies remains a recurring challenge for healthcare professionals, requiring high technical competence, rapid decision-making, and the integration of advanced technological resources. This bibliographic review aims to critically analyze the main techniques, devices, and protocols currently employed in this context, with emphasis on the use of videolaryngoscopes, second-generation supraglottic devices, and fiberoptic intubation, as well as the implementation of structured algorithms and international guidelines. The discussion highlights the importance of continuous team training, the use of complementary technologies such as continuous capnography and point-of-care ultrasound, and the standardization of clinical practices to reduce risks and optimize outcomes. The findings reinforce that successful management of difficult airways depends on the synergy between technological innovation, professional preparedness, and well-established protocols. Furthermore, the need for ongoing investment in education, training, and infrastructure is emphasized as a fundamental strategy to ensure excellence and safety in the care of patients in high-complexity scenarios.