BONE RECONSTRUCTION IN COMPLEX HAND TRAUMA: USE OF MODULAR EXTERNAL FIXATORS IN EXPOSED CARPAL AND PHALANX FRACTURES

Abstract

Introduction: Complex hand traumas, especially in exposed carpal and phalangeal fractures, represent a challenge due to the need to balance anatomical restoration and functional preservation. This study reviewed the use of modular external fixators in these cases, highlighting advantages, limitations, and clinical outcomes. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed in the MEDLINE databases via PubMed and SciELO, covering publications between 2001 and 2024. After strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 relevant articles were selected, analyzed qualitatively, and synthesized in a narrative format. Results: Modular external fixators demonstrated efficacy in mechanical stabilization and functional recovery, but presented complications such as infections. Complementary techniques, such as Kirschner wires and intramedullary screws, increased mobility and accelerated recovery. The choice of method should consider the patient's profile, trauma characteristics, and the surgeon's experience. Conclusion: Modular external fixators are effective in the management of complex hand traumas, with good functional results. Future studies are needed to compare methods and consolidate best practices.