OMEGA-3 IN REDUCING CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK IN PATIENTS WITH DYSLIPIDEMIA AND METABOLIC SYNDROME: CURRENT CLINICAL EVIDENCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv17n61-001Keywords:
Omega-3, Dyslipidemia, Metabolic Syndrome, Cardiometabolic Risk, EPA, DHAAbstract
Metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia are important risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases and represent a major global public health concern. In this context, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have been extensively investigated due to their potential cardiometabolic effects. This study aimed to critically analyze current clinical evidence regarding the use of omega-3 in reducing cardiometabolic risk in patients with dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome. This is an integrative literature review based on scientific articles published between 2016 and 2025 and indexed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO, and Scopus databases. Original studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials addressing the effects of omega-3 on lipid profile, inflammation, insulin resistance, endothelial function, and cardiovascular risk were included. The findings demonstrated consistent results mainly in reducing serum triglyceride levels, partially improving inflammatory markers, and potentially decreasing residual cardiovascular risk. However, significant methodological heterogeneity was observed among the studies, including differences in administered doses, EPA and DHA formulations, supplementation duration, and characteristics of the evaluated populations. In addition, the effects on insulin resistance, glycemic control, and major cardiovascular outcomes remain partially controversial. It is concluded that omega-3 has promising potential as a complementary strategy in the management of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome, especially in controlling hypertriglyceridemia and modulating inflammation. Nevertheless, more robust and standardized clinical studies are still needed to better define therapeutic indications, ideal dosages, and the most effective formulations in the context of cardiometabolic prevention.
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References
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