THE ROLE OF MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY IN THE TREATMENT OF ABDOMINAL DISEASES

Abstract

Introduction: Minimally invasive surgeries (MICs) have revolutionized medicine by allowing procedures with smaller incisions, reducing complications and recovery time. Laparoscopy and the introduction of robotic technology were important milestones, expanding surgical capabilities. Despite the advantages, CMI has high costs and some technical limitations. Objectives: To understand the role of minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of abdominal diseases Methodology: This is an integrative literature review, with a search for scientific articles in the Virtual Health Library, having as inclusion criteria articles with the theme that was related to the guiding question, articles with full text, in Portuguese and English and published in the last 10 years. Results and Discussion: We were able to observe the great advances in minimally invasive surgical techniques, highlighting laparoscopy for hepatic flexure hernia and mini-laparotomy for colon cancer, both promoting rapid recovery and fewer complications. There are also innovations in urological surgeries and treatment of acute pancreatitis, with techniques such as renal cryoablation guided by computed tomography (CT). For the treatment of pediatric empyema, video-assisted thoracoscopic debridement (VADT) is preferred for its good aesthetic results. In addition, emerging methods such as the single portal and NOTES promise less invasiveness and better aesthetic results. The findings emphasize the benefits of minimally invasive surgeries, despite the initial costs and the need for specialized training. Conclusion: The articles demonstrate that minimally invasive techniques offer significant benefits, such as fewer complications, faster recovery, and better aesthetic results. Although the initial costs are high due to the equipment and specialized training, these methods provide long-term savings by reducing hospital stay time and postoperative complications, resulting in improved efficiency and effectiveness in treatment.