Bilioma after cholecystectomy in a young patient: A case report

Abstract

Introduction: Gallstones are not uncommon, with a prevalence of approximately 10% in the general population and are twice as likely to develop in women. Bile duct injuries (BDIs) after cholecystectomy remain a feared complication. The incidence of BDIs after open cholecystectomy is 0.1% to 0.2% and is 0 to 1% for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Biliomas are encapsulated intra- or extrahepatic collections of bile fluid caused by an injury to the bile duct resulting in bile leaks. Successful treatment of bile duct injuries depends on multiple factors, such as early identification, evaluation, timing of intervention, chosen procedure, experience of the center, and overall condition of the patient. Discussion: Bile duct injuries (BDIs) that occur after cholecystectomy are an iatrogenic catastrophe that requires a multidisciplinary approach for optimal treatment. As reported in the case presented above, the patient had a cystic duct injury due to iatrogenic cholecystectomy surgery. Interventional biloma drainage approaches, including ERC, PTCD, CT or ultrasound-guided puncture (SGP), and rendezvous intervention appear to be safe and effective. Conclusion: The incidence of bile duct injuries is very low, i.e., it is considered a rare case. Biliomas occur after an injury to the ducts, where the key to successful treatment lies in early identification of the problem and referral to the operating room for a better approach, where the main goal of repair is to achieve adequate biliary drainage.