ADVANCES IN SKIN GRAFTS AND DERMAL SUBSTITUTES: APPLICABILITY IN BURNS, CHRONIC WOUNDS, AND TRAUMA

Abstract

Introduction: Advances in skin grafts and dermal substitutes have played a crucial role in the evolution of the treatment of burns, chronic wounds, and trauma. These conditions often present challenges related to tissue regeneration, infection prevention, and functional restoration of the skin, making the search for more effective solutions a priority. Technologies such as extracellular matrix-based scaffolds and stem cell therapies have contributed to improving healing and reducing complications associated with these injuries. Methods: This study consists of a critical review of the literature carried out in the PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS databases, covering the period from 2015 to 2024. Descriptors in Portuguese and English related to skin grafts, dermal substitutes and tissue regeneration were used. After screening and analysis, 11 articles were included that addressed technological innovations, clinical applications, and challenges in the area. Results: The reviewed technologies demonstrated high potential for success. Extracellular matrix showed promising results in severe burns, while stem cells were effective in chronic wounds and dermal substitutes showed good performance in complex reconstructions. Despite these advances, challenges such as high costs, limited production, and insufficient clinical validation remain significant obstacles to the widespread adoption of these innovations. Conclusion: The results show the effectiveness of technological innovations in the management of complex lesions, contributing to significant advances in tissue regeneration. However, overcoming economic and logistical barriers is essential to ensure greater accessibility of these technologies. Future research should prioritize clinical validation and the development of cost-effective solutions to integrate these advances into the healthcare system.