A CASE REPORT OF SPONTANEOUS DISLOCATION OF IUD INTO ABDOMINAL CAVITY

Abstract

Introduction: The intrauterine device (IUD) is the most widely used reversible female contraceptive method in the world today. The most common complications include, for example, gynecological infections, uterine bleeding, and dyspareunia. A rare and serious complication is IUD migration or uterine perforation. The main risk factors for IUD migration suggested are insertion by an inexperienced operator, extremely ante or retroverted uterus, insertion in the immediate postpartum period, or breastfeeding. Regarding treatment, laparoscopy offers a safe and easy surgical procedure to locate and remove the IUD. Discussion: The IUD is considered a practical, low-cost, and long-acting contraceptive method. However, it can generate complications for its users, even if rare. Among the complications, we have uterine perforation, as presented in the case. Uterine perforation is the most common cause of IUD loss and can occur both during insertion and after insertion of the device. The case presented also portrays the need for patient monitoring after implantation of the contraceptive method, through examinations such as transvaginal pelvic ultrasound. Conclusion: Uterine perforation and migration of the IUD to another region outside the uterine cavity occur most commonly during insertion of the device. A fast and effective treatment, performed through laparoscopy, would be possible in both asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, as this method has advantages such as less pain and better recovery time.