MAIN RISK FACTORS AND THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS IN CUTANEOUS SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Objective: The general objective of this study is to analyze the scientific production on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, identifying the main risk factors, diagnostic methods and treatment of this pathology. Methodology: This is a systematic review focused on understanding the essential aspects of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. The research was guided by the question: "What are the main risk factors for the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, as well as the therapeutic methods used in clinical practice?". To find answers, searches were performed in the PubMed database using five descriptors combined with the Boolean term "AND". This resulted in 106 articles, of which 14 were selected for analysis. Results: Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC), such as basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), are highly prevalent, mainly due to exposure to UV radiation. Early detection and awareness of risk factors, such as sun exposure, are essential for prevention and management. The development of new therapies, including immunotherapies and targeted therapies, offers hope for improving treatment, especially in advanced cases of NMSC. Conclusion: Future research needs to further explore the molecular mechanisms underlying cSCC progression, as well as the long-term efficacy of new therapeutic approaches, in order to reduce mortality and improve patients' quality of life.