PALLIATIVE CARE IN PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC CANCER: CHALLENGES FOR QUALITY OF LIFE
Keywords:
Palliative Care, Metastatic Cancer, Quality of Life, Oncology, Public HealthAbstract
Palliative care constitutes an essential approach in the care of patients with metastatic cancer, with the primary focus on promoting quality of life through the relief of suffering and comprehensive attention to physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs. In view of disease progression and the limitation of curative therapeutic possibilities, it becomes imperative to adopt strategies that prioritize patient comfort, dignity, and autonomy. This study aimed to analyze the challenges related to the promotion of quality of life in patients with metastatic cancer receiving palliative care, in light of public health policies and available scientific evidence. This is an integrative literature review conducted based on scientific studies and national and international normative documents selected from relevant health databases. The analysis of the results showed that patients’ quality of life is influenced by multiple factors, notably inadequate control of pain and other physical symptoms, the presence of emotional distress, weaknesses in family support, and limitations in the organization of the healthcare network. Additionally, the late introduction of palliative care and insufficient professional training were observed to compromise the effectiveness of care. It is concluded that palliative care has significant potential to improve the quality of life of patients with metastatic cancer when implemented in an early, continuous, and integrated manner, in accordance with current public health policies. Strengthening continuing health education and articulation among levels of care is essential for improving palliative care within the Unified Health System.
