USE OF INDIVIDUAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (EPIS) AMONG FRONT WORKERS OF THE FEDERAL DISTRICT: SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE, AVALIAÇÃO AND CRITICAL ANALYSIS

Abstract

Introduction: Occupational exposure to fuel vapors, especially benzene, poses a serious health risk to gas station attendants. Effective protection depends on the correct use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), in accordance with current regulations, combined with other health protection measures, such as environmental monitoring, worker health surveillance, and safe workplace practices. Objective: To assess the sociodemographic profile of gas station attendants in the Federal District and critically analyze the use of PPE, especially respiratory protection, in the context of occupational exposure. Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 116 gas station workers. Structured questionnaires and smell tests using a digital smell device were administered. Direct observations complemented the analysis. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, in accordance with the ethical precepts for research involving human subjects. Results: Fifty-one gas stations were visited. Low PPE use was observed, with uniforms being the only equipment seen by 100% of participants (n=116). Masks, gloves, waterproof aprons, and ear protectors were not observed. Only 2.6% (n=3) of gas station attendants reported using some type of PPE against gases or particles. Most attendants (62.8%; n=71) recognize the importance of PPE but do not use it due to lack of supply. Masks were mentioned by 40 participants as the most necessary item, followed by mask and glove combinations (24 participants), and other PPE such as goggles, earplugs, and chemical masks were mentioned by only 3 participants. A lack of safety signage was common at gas stations, especially regarding the risks of benzene. Conclusion: The lack of adequate PPE and some signage at gas stations highlights noncompliance with safety standards, increasing the risk of health problems for workers. It is recommended to intensify monitoring, training, and mandatory provision of PPE.