IMPACTO DOS AGONISTAS DO RECEPTOR GLP -1 NA ESTRUTURA E FUNÇÃO CARDÍACA: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE LITERATURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev8n5-068Palavras-chave:
Agonistas do Receptor de GLP-1, Insuficiência Cardíaca, Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2, Obesidade, CardioproteçãoResumo
Os agonistas do receptor do peptídeo semelhante ao glucagon tipo 1 (GLP-1 RAs) vêm assumindo papel crescente no manejo do diabetes mellitus tipo 2, da obesidade e das doenças cardiovasculares, especialmente devido aos seus potenciais efeitos cardioprotetores além do controle glicêmico. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar, por meio de revisão sistemática da literatura, os efeitos dos agonistas do receptor de GLP-1 sobre a estrutura e a função cardíaca, bem como sobre biomarcadores e desfechos cardiovasculares em indivíduos com obesidade, diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e/ou insuficiência cardíaca. A busca bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases PubMed/MEDLINE e LILACS, incluindo estudos publicados entre 2014 e fevereiro de 2026. Foram considerados elegíveis ensaios clínicos randomizados, estudos observacionais, revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises. Após o processo de seleção e aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, 38 estudos compuseram a síntese qualitativa. Os achados demonstraram redução consistente de eventos cardiovasculares adversos maiores e mortalidade global, além de melhora de biomarcadores cardiovasculares, capacidade funcional e qualidade de vida, sobretudo em pacientes com obesidade e insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção preservada. Em contrapartida, os efeitos relacionados ao remodelamento estrutural cardíaco apresentaram maior heterogeneidade entre os estudos incluídos. Conclui-se que os agonistas do receptor de GLP-1 apresentam perfil cardiometabólico favorável e relevância clínica no contexto contemporâneo da prevenção cardiovascular, com evidências mais robustas para desfechos clínicos e funcionais do que para alterações estruturais cardíacas.
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