DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE MEDICAL DEVICES IN NEONATOLOGY: LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

The aim of this study is to review the development of medical devices in neonatology, exploring technological advances, identifying innovations and challenges, and proposing recommendations for future research. The methodology involved a narrative review of the literature, with a search in databases such as PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane, and IEEE Xplore, focusing on studies from the last ten years on medical devices for neonatology. The results highlight that technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning have improved the monitoring and prognosis of neonatal conditions, allowing for more accurate and personalized interventions. 3D printing emerges as a promising tool for creating personalized medical devices, meeting the specific needs of each patient. Wearable devices for continuous monitoring of vital signs and advanced enteral and parenteral feeding devices have demonstrated positive impact on neonatal health. Mechanical ventilators with gentler and smarter modes reduced serious complications, and catheters with antimicrobial coatings helped decrease the incidence of neonatal sepsis. The findings indicate that technological innovations are key to improving neonatal care. The integration of artificial intelligence, 3D printing, and continuous monitoring has the potential to transform neonatology, improving clinical outcomes and quality of life for newborns. However, challenges such as the variability of neonatal pathologies, the cost and accessibility of devices, and the need for adequate training of health professionals need to be addressed. It is recommended to invest in continuous research, clinical validation, and interdisciplinary training to ensure the effective adoption of these innovative technologies in daily clinical practices.