CAUSES AND TREATMENTS OF EQUINE COLIC

Abstract

Equine colic is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among horses, representing a constant challenge for veterinary medicine. Characterized by acute abdominal pain, this condition can be triggered by several factors related to the gastrointestinal tract, including dietary failures, metabolic disorders, parasitic infestations, stress, and inadequate management. Immediate attention is essential, as the absence of early intervention may lead to severe complications such as intestinal torsion and necrosis, often resulting in the resulting in death. The aim of this study is to identify the main causes of equine colic and to analyze the therapeutic approaches available, highlighting the most effective practices for prevention and clinical management. Aspects related to nutrition, early diagnosis, animal welfare, and caregiver training were considered to understand the interaction between physiological, environmental, and management factors that influence the occurrence of the disease. The results show that early diagnosis and proper nutritional management are crucial in reducing the incidence of colic. Furthermore, the adoption of standardized clinical protocols and continuous education of professionals and caretakers are emphasized as essential measures for the prevention and control of this syndrome. It is concluded that addressing equine colic requires an integrated and interdisciplinary approach, combining technical knowledge, preventive management, and educational practices focused on the welfare and quality of life of horses.