INFLUENCE OF LIFESTYLE HABITS ON THE PREVALENCE OF COMORBIDITIES IN PREGNANT WOMEN: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/ERR01v10n5-062Keywords:
Comorbidities, Pregnant Women, Lifestyle, Smoking, Physical ActivityAbstract
Introduction: During pregnancy, the maternal body undergoes several physiological changes aimed at ensuring proper fetal development. In this context, the pregnant woman's lifestyle habits play a key role in maternal and infant health, potentially influencing the occurrence of comorbidities and perinatal outcomes either positively or negatively. Aim: To analyze the influence of lifestyle habits on the prevalence of comorbidities in pregnant women through a narrative literature review. Methods: This is a narrative literature review conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines. The search was performed in the PubMed, SciELO, MEDLINE, and LILACS databases, covering the period from 2020 to 2025. Studies written in Portuguese or English, with open access and full text, addressing the relationship between lifestyle and comorbidities during pregnancy were included. After screening, six studies were selected and qualitatively analyzed. Results: The analyzed studies indicated that inadequate lifestyle habits during pregnancy—such as poor nutrition, physical inactivity, use of psychoactive substances, and sleep disorders—are associated with a higher incidence of gestational diabetes, hypertension, obesity, mental disorders, and adverse outcomes such as prematurity and low birth weight. The combination of multiple risk factors, such as advanced maternal age, mental health disorders, and poor sleep quality, showed a synergistic effect, increasing maternal-fetal vulnerability. Conclusion: There is consistent evidence that lifestyle habits play a crucial role in the health of both the pregnant woman and the newborn. Prenatal interventions involving multidisciplinary teams and public health policies aimed at promoting healthy behaviors should be encouraged. Future studies with national samples and experimental designs are recommended to deepen the understanding of these relationships.
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